Oryginalny artykuł naukowy
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean

When memory shapes identity: Khety, Senenmut, and the landscape of Deir el-Bahari

2025, 34, Numer 3


Data publikacji

31.12.2025

Data otrzymania

14.05.2024

Data akceptacji

16.08.2024

Model publikowania

open access

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Dziedzina

Dziedzina nauk humanistycznych

Dyscyplina

archeologia

Klasyfikacja

-

Język publikacji

Angielski

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Abstrakt

The paper explores the relationship between Senenmut, the most prominent courtier under the female pharaoh Hatshepsut, and Khety, who served at the court of Mentuhotep II Nebhepetra around 500 years earlier. The paradigm for juxtaposing these two men is the well-known reference to Mentuhotep II by Hatshepsut, clearly illustrated by the installation of her memorial temple at Deir el-Bahari beside that of Mentuhotep II. The thesis proposed here is that Senenmut perceived Khety as his great predecessor, with whom he shared many responsibilities at the court, and the reference to this figure from the past is expressed, among other things, by the installation of Senenmut’s lower tomb, TT 353, in close spatial proximity to TT 311, the monument of Khety. It is postulated that TT 353 should be viewed —in addition to its widely discussed relationship with the Temple of Hatshepsut— as an homage to Khety. This connection between their tombs was intended to shape and communicate Senenmut’s socio-professional identity. The background for the study is the theory of cultural memory, the phenomenological approach used in landscape studies, and the theory of intertextuality and intericonicity. These theories are applied to the funerary monuments of Senenmut and Khety in Western Thebes and beyond, taking into account various attestations of their activities in Aswan, Gebel Silsila, Shatt el-Rigal, the Karnak Temple, and Armant. Another reference point considered here is the necropolis of Asyut, in the context of Senenmut’s TT 353, with the placement of (another?) Khety therein.

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