New evidence of metallurgical production during the Ptolemaic period in the ancient harbor of Berenike (Eastern Desert) in Egypt
2020, 29, Numer 1
Data publikacji
Model publikowania
Rodzaj licencji
Dziedzina
Dyscyplina
Klasyfikacja
Język publikacji
Abstrakt
Recent excavations in the southwestern part of the embayment that served as the ancient harbour of Berenike uncovered, among others, a metallurgical furnace from late Hellenistic times. An analysis of this discovery, made in trench BE14/15-102, offers insight into metallurgical production taking place in the harbour zone in the last years of the Ptolemaic kingdom. The early Roman phase, as attested in this trench, indicates a restructuring of this part of the harbour and its new, changed function as an open-circulation area, probably with some wealthy residences nearby.
Słowa kluczowe:
Bibliografia
Abd el‐Rahman, Y., Surour, A.A., El Manawi, A.H.W., Rifai, M., Abdel Motelib, A., Ali, W.K., and El Dougdoug, A.M. (2013). Ancient mining and smelting activities in the Wadi Abu Gerida area, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt: preliminary results. Archaeometry, 55(6), 1067–1087
Bayley, J. and Rehren, T. (2007). Towards a functional and typological classification of crucibles. In S. La Niece, D.R. Hook, and P.T. Craddock (eds), Metals and mines: Studies in archaeometallurgy (pp. 46–55). London: Archetype Publications
Botros, N.S. (2003). On the relationship between auriferous talc deposits hosted in volcanic rocks and massive sulphide deposits in Egypt. Ore Geology Reviews, 23(3), 223–257
Casal García, R. (2002). Glíptica. In M.T. Amaré Tafalla (ed.), Astorga II: Escultura, glíptica y mosaico (pp. 23–36). León: Universidad de León
Castel, G., Mathieu, B., and Pouit, G. (1997). Wadi Dara copper mines. In F.A. Esmael (ed.), Proceedings of the first International Conference on Ancient Egyptian Mining & Metallurgy and Conservation of Metallic Artifacts: Cairo, Egypt, 10–12 April 1997 (pp. 15–31). Cairo: Egyptian Antiquities Organization Press
Craddock, P.T. (1995). Early metal mining and production. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Domergue, C. (2008). Les mines antiques: la production des métaux aux époques grecque et romaine. Paris: Picard
El-Bassyouni, T. and Mostafa, M. (1997). Metallurgy in ancient Egypt: a background presentation. In F.A. Esmael (ed.), Proceedings of the first International Conference on Ancient Egyptian Mining & Metallurgy and Conservation of Metallic Artifacts: Cairo, Egypt, 10–12 April 1997 (pp. 193–196). Cairo: Egyptian Antiquities Organization Press
Fasnacht, W. and Senn, M. (2001). Experimental copper smelting at Agia Varvara – Almyras: a contribution to the controversy of ancient iron production in Cyprus. Archaeologia Cypria, 4, 129–133
Hense, A.M. (1995). Metal finds. In S.E. Sidebotham and W.Z. Wendrich (eds), Berenike 1994: Preliminary report of the 1994 excavations at Berenike (Egyptian Red Sea coast) and the survey of the Eastern Desert (pp. 49–58). Leiden: Research School CNWS
Hense, A.M. (1996). Metal finds. In S.E. Sidebotham and W.Z. Wendrich (eds), Berenike 1995: Preliminary report of the 1995 excavations at Berenike (Egyptian Red Sea Coast) and the survey of the Eastern Desert (pp. 212–228). Leiden: Research School CNWS, School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies
Hense, A.M. (1998). Metal finds. In S.E. Sidebotham and W.Z. Wendrich (eds), Berenike 1996: Report of the 1996 excavations at Berenike (Egyptian Red Sea Coast) and the survey of the Eastern Desert (pp. 199–220). Leiden: CNWS
Higgins, R.A. (1980). Greek and Roman jewellery. London: Methuen & Co.
López de la Orden, M.D. (1990). La glíptica de la antigüedad en Andalucía. Cádiz: Universidad de Cádiz, Servicio de Publicaciones
Renzi, M. (2010). Vasijas de uso metalúrgico, toberas y moldes. In I. Montero Ruiz (ed.), Manual de arqueometalurgia (pp. 123–158). Alcalá de Henares: Museo Arqueológico Regional
Rothenberg, B., Shaw, C.T., Hassan, F.A., and Hussein, A. (1998). Reconnaissance survey of ancient mining and metallurgy in the Mersa Alam region, Eastern Desert of Egypt. Institute of Archaeo-Metallurgical Studies, 20, 4–9
Rovira, S. and Renzi, M. (2010). Las operaciones pirometalúrgicas y sus subproductos. In I. Montero Ruiz (ed.), Manual de arqueometalurgia (pp. 87–122). Alcalá de Henares: Museo Arqueológico Regional
Sidebotham, S.E. (1998). The excavations. In S.E. Sidebotham and W.Z. Wendrich (eds), Berenike 1996: Report of the 1996 excavations at Berenike (Egyptian Red Sea Coast) and the survey of the Eastern Desert (pp. 11–120). Leiden: CNWS
Sidebotham, S.E. (2007). Excavations. In S.E. Sidebotham and W.Z. Wendrich (eds), Berenike 1999/2000: Report on the excavations at Berenike, including excavations in Wadi Kalalat and Siket, and the survey of the Mons Smaragdus Region (pp. 30–165). Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles
Sidebotham, S.E. (2011). Berenike and the ancient maritime Spice Route. Berkeley: University of California Press
Sidebotham, S.E. and Wendrich, W.Z. (1999). Berenike: an ancient emporium at the cross-roads of the Mediterranean-Red Sea-Indian Ocean trade. The Indian Ocean Review, 12, 16
Sidebotham, S.E. and Wendrich, W.Z. (eds). (2007). Berenike 1999/2000: Report on the excavations at Berenike, including excavations in Wadi Kalalat and Siket, and the survey of the Mons Smaragdus Region. Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles
Sidebotham, S.E. and Zych, I. (eds). (2011). Berenike 2008–2009: Report on the excavations at Berenike, including a survey in the Eastern Desert [=PCMA Excavation Series 1]. Warsaw: PCMA
Inne artykuły z tego numeru
- Red Seahistoriographyresearch historyarchaeologyhistory
Red Sea studies: A historiographical sketch
- AynunaAelius GallusNabataean. portRed Sea
Aynuna on the Red Sea
- burialbioarchaeologySaudi ArabiaAynunacemeteryNabatean
Burying the dead at the Red Sea coast: Bioarchaeological research in Lower Aynuna in the 2015–2017 seasons of fieldwork
Podobne publikacje
- Red Seahistoriographyresearch historyarchaeologyhistory
Red Sea studies: A historiographical sketch
- AynunaAelius GallusNabataean. portRed Sea
Aynuna on the Red Sea
- burialbioarchaeologySaudi ArabiaAynunacemeteryNabatean
Burying the dead at the Red Sea coast: Bioarchaeological research in Lower Aynuna in the 2015–2017 seasons of fieldwork