Oryginalny artykuł naukowy
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean

Burying the dead at the Red Sea coast: Bioarchaeological research in Lower Aynuna in the 2015–2017 seasons of fieldwork

2020, 29, Numer 1

Joanna A. Ciesielska

orcid.org/HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-8087-3079

DOI

10.31338/uw.2083-537X.pam29.1.04

Data publikacji

31.12.2020

Model publikowania

open access

Rodzaj licencji

CC BY 4.0 Int.

Dziedzina

Dziedzina nauk humanistycznych

Dyscyplina

archeologia

Klasyfikacja

-

Język publikacji

Angielski

Pliki do pobrania

PDF 4 MB

Artykuł

Liczba wyświetleń:401

Liczba pobrań:53

Cytowania Crossref:0

Wynik Altmetric:0

Zobacz mapę pobrań

Abstrakt

The archaeological site of Aynuna, located in northwestern Saudi Arabia, is believed to be the ancient Leuke Kome, a port linked by a caravan route with the Nabatean capital Petra. Architectural remains suggest that it may be identified as an emporion, a trading outpost receiving freight from foreign lands to be transmitted further north. Archaeological excavations conducted by the Saudi-Polish Archaeological Mission have revealed the existence of multiple burials, not only within the cemeteries, but also inside buildings dated from the 1st to the 7th centuries AD. Most of the tombs were ransacked and the burials were almost completely destroyed. There is some internal uniformity in terms of the architectural outline of the tombs, but otherwise the two cemeteries, Necropoleis 1 and 2, show no mutual similarities, which may indicate a different dating or cultural affinity. Meanwhile, better preserved human remains from inside the buildings can probably be dated to the early Islamic period. Two large stone cairns, containing three burials, were situated in the middle of the courtyard of Khan 1. However, most of the burials were interred directly on the walking level in Khans 1, 4, and 5, and covered with stone rubble. While three out of four burials presented a position of the body extended on its back, the head facing southeast, and provided with a stone installation to protect the remains. In the case of the fourth, a pregnant woman, the skeleton was found lying face down, calling into question the intentionality of the burial.

Słowa kluczowe:

Bibliografia

Adams, R.M., Parr, P.J., Ibrahim, M., and al-Mughannam, A.S. (1977). Saudi Arabian archaeological reconnaissance – 1976. Preliminary report on the first phase of the comprehensive archaeological survey program. Atlal, 1, 21–39

Al-Ghabbân, A.I. (2011). Les deux routes syrienne et égyptienne de pélerinage au nord-ouest de l’Arabie Saoudite. Cairo: Institut français d’archéologie orientale

Avni, G. (1996). Nomads, farmers, and town-dwellers: Pastoralist-sedentist interaction in the Negev highlands, sixth–eighth centuries CE. Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority

Cole, G. and Waldron, T. (2016). Purple staining of archaeological human bone: an investigation of probable cause and implications for other tissues and artifacts. Journal of Anthropology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9479051

Field, H. (1960). North Arabian desert archaeological survey, 1925–50 [=Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University 45.2]. Cambridge, MA: The Peabody Museum

Gawlikowski, M., Juchniewicz, K., and Al-Zahrani, A. (forthcoming). The Saudi-Polish excavations at Aynuna, a Nabataean port on the Red Sea. Atlal

Haiman, M. (1995a). Agriculture and nomad-state relations in the Negev Desert in the Byzantine and Early Islamic periods. BASOR, 297, 29–53

Haiman, M. (1995b). An early Islamic period farm at Nahal Mitnan in the Negev Highlands. ͑Atiqot, 26, 1–13

House, J.E. (2008). Inorganic chemistry. Amsterdam: Elsevier

Ingraham, M., Johnson, T., Rihani, B., and Shatla, I. (1981). Saudi Arabian Comprehensive Survey Program: preliminary report on a reconnaissance survey of the Northwestern Province (with a note on a brief survey of the Northern Province). Atlal, 5, 59–84

Kehrberg, I. (1986). Report on moulded lamps. In F. Zayadine (ed.), Jerash Archaeological Project I. 1981–1983 (pp. 367–375). Amman: Department of Antiquities of Jordan

Magness, J. (2003). The archaeology of the early Islamic settlement in Palestine. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns

Musil, A. (1926). The Northern Ḥeǧâz: A topographical itinerary. New York: American Geographical Society

Podobne publikacje